The Pahalgam Attack: A Tragic Incident
On April 22, 2025, five armed militants attacked tourists in Baisaran Valley near Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, resulting in 26 fatalities and 20 injuries. The assailants targeted individuals based on religious identity, leading to the deaths of Hindu and Christian tourists, as well as a local Muslim who attempted to intervene. The Resistance Front (TRF), initially claimed responsibility, citing opposition to non-local settlements in Kashmir, but later retracted the claim.
India’s Response: Diplomatic and Military Measures
In the wake of the attack, India implemented several significant actions:
Suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty: India halted the 1960 treaty, affecting water flow to Pakistan, which led to a reported 90% drop in water supply through the Chenab River.
Diplomatic Actions: India expelled Pakistani military advisers and suspended visas for Pakistani nationals.
Military Operations: India launched missile and drone strikes targeting alleged terrorist infrastructure in Pakistan, resulting in casualties and damage to military bases.
Pakistan’s Reaction
Pakistan denied involvement in the attack and took reciprocal measures:
Airspace Closure: Pakistan closed its airspace to Indian flights.
Diplomatic Retaliation: Pakistan expelled Indian diplomats and suspended visas for Indian nationals.
Military Response: Pakistan conducted airstrikes under “Operation Bunyan Ul Marsoos,” targeting Indian military installations.
International Mediation and Ceasefire
The escalating conflict prompted international concern:
United States: Engaged in diplomatic efforts leading to a ceasefire agreement between India and Pakistan.
United Nations and Other Nations: Called for restraint and offered to mediate the conflict.
Conclusion
The Pahalgam attack and subsequent events underscore the fragile nature of India-Pakistan relations and the potential for rapid escalation. The incident highlights the need for sustained diplomatic engagement and conflict resolution mechanisms to prevent future crises.